Syntax-02

Rules of Syntax and Exercise-02

9. একাধিক singular subject যদি ‘and’ দ্বারা যুক্ত হয়, উহাদের verb ও pronoun plural হয়।
Ram and Rahim were there, hut they did nothing.
She and her father have gone to their village.

Exceptions: (i) যদি and দ্বারা যুক্ত subject-গুলি যদি একই ব্যক্তি বা বস্তুকে বুঝায়, তাহলে verb এবং pronoun singular হয়:
The Secretary and Treasurer has come.
(এখানে Secretary ও Treasurer একই ব্যক্তি। দুইজন আলাদা ব্যক্তি বোঝাতে ‘Secretary’ ও ‘Treasurer’ দু’টার পূর্বেই article ‘the’ বসবে এবং verb-টি ‘have’ হবে।)

10. And দ্বারা যুক্ত noun-গুলির সমন্বয়ে যদি একটিমাত্র ভাব প্রকাশ করে, তবে verb এবং pronoun singular হবে।
The long and the short of the story is this.
A hue and cry was raised.
Slow and steady wins the race.
Bread and milk is his only food.

11. যদি and দ্বারা যুক্ত noun-গুলির প্রত্যেকটির পূর্বে each, every বা no থাকে, তাহলে pronoun এবং verb singular হবে:
Each man and each woman gets a shillig.
Even star and every planet is the handiwork of God.
No friend and no relative cares for me.
‘Each’ বা ‘every’ প্রত্যেকটি noun-এর পূর্বে না বসলেও verb-টি singular হবেঃ
Every man, woman and child was killed.
Every Tom, Dick and Harry plays golf nowadays.

12. And-এর পরে যদি ‘no’ বা ‘not’ থাকে, তবে verb ও pronoun-গুলি and-এর পূর্ববর্তী noun বা pronoun অনুযায়ী হবে:
A friend, and not a foe, greets you.
Two pens only, and no book, are required.

13. With, together with, as well as দ্বারা কোন noun বা pronoun verb যুক্ত হ’লে verb বা pronoun-টি এই কথাগুলির পূর্ববর্তী noun বা pronoun অনুযায়ী হবে:
Ram, with (or together with) his friend, was punished.
(এখানে Ram subject। ‘his friend with preposition-এর object।)
They, with their father, were punished.
I, with my brother, am to go.
Ram as well as his friends is expected.

EXERCISE-02

Fill up the blanks:—
1. Time and tide— for none.
2. Early to bed and early to rise — a man happy and wise.
3. Curry and rice — my favourite food.
4. Each man and each woman — given a rupee.
5. Every man and every woman—— to suffer thus.
6. No man and no woman —- ever heard of this.
7. I, and not my brother, — done this.
8. A few pencils, and not a pen, — wanted.
9. That eminent critic and statesman — said so.
10. The horse and carriage — at the door.
11. The hue and cry — stopped.
12. No man, no woman and no child — saved.
13. Each house and each tree—burnt down.
14. The king as well as his minister — surprised.
15. He as well as his friends — guilty.
16. The boys as well as their leader — run away.
17. The students as well as the Principal —arranged a party.
18. The Principal as well as the students — arranged a tea party.
19. The Captain with the soldiers — tried.
20. The soldiers with the captain—tried.
21. The king with his guards — slain.
22. They with their leader — taken prisoner.

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